The European Commission is one of the key institutions of the European Union (EU), functioning as its executive arm. Here is an in-depth look at this institution:
Role and Functions
- Proposing Legislation: The Commission has the right of initiative, meaning it can draft proposals for new EU Legislation. These proposals cover a wide range of issues from environment to consumer rights.
- Enforcing EU Law: It ensures that EU law is correctly applied in all member states. This includes monitoring member countries' compliance with EU treaties and policies.
- Managing the EU Budget: The Commission implements the EU's budget, managing programs and projects across member states.
- Representing the EU Internationally: It speaks on behalf of the EU in international bodies like the World Trade Organization, and in negotiations for international agreements.
- Competition Policy: It has the authority to investigate and regulate competition to prevent monopolies and ensure a level playing field within the EU market.
History
The European Commission was established under the Treaty of Rome in 1957, which created the European Economic Community (EEC). Initially, it was known as the "Commission of the European Communities" and was one of the four main institutions of the EEC:
Composition
- The Commission is composed of one Commissioner per member state, although this number can be reduced as per the Treaty of Lisbon.
- The President of the Commission is appointed for a five-year term, and each Commissioner is assigned specific portfolios.
- They are appointed by the European Council with the approval of the European Parliament.
Current Leadership
As of the last update in 2023, Ursula von der Leyen is the President of the European Commission, taking office in December 2019.
External Links
Related Topics